{"id":490,"date":"2012-01-14T19:21:48","date_gmt":"2012-01-14T19:21:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=490"},"modified":"2012-06-22T16:07:29","modified_gmt":"2012-06-22T16:07:29","slug":"saude-na-mitologia-asclepio-esculapio-e-familia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=490","title":{"rendered":"Sa\u00fade na mitologia: Ascl\u00e9pio (Escul\u00e1pio) e fam\u00edlia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Num <a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=104\">artigo anterior<\/a> falamos do deus grego <strong>Ascl\u00e9pio<\/strong> (mais conhecido pela vers\u00e3o latinizada do seu nome: <strong>Escul\u00e1pio<\/strong>), cuja simbologia ainda representa as atividades relacionadas com a sa\u00fade. Hoje vamos apresentar o resto da sua fam\u00edlia, a verdadeira <strong>\u00abFam\u00edlia Sa\u00fade\u00bb da Antiguidade<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size: 70%; text-align: center;\">(Clique nos ret\u00e2ngulos azuis para ver o artigo sobre cada divindade; clique na lupa para <a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/familia-esculapio.gif\">ver a imagem maior<\/a>.)<\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_516\" style=\"width: 630px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-516\" class=\"size-full wp-image-516\" src=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/familia-esculapio-lupa.jpg\" alt=\"Ascl\u00e9pio e fam\u00edlia (\u00e1rvore geneal\u00f3gica)\" width=\"620\" height=\"395\" usemap=\"#arvore\" srcset=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/familia-esculapio-lupa.jpg 620w, http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/familia-esculapio-lupa-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-516\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00c1rvore geneal\u00f3gica da fam\u00edlia do deus Ascl\u00e9pio (mais conhecido pela vers\u00e3o latinizada do seu nome: Escul\u00e1pio)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Em todo o rigor, Ascl\u00e9pio e a fam\u00edlia n\u00e3o eram deuses, mas <strong>semideuses<\/strong>: uns teriam origem em <strong>her\u00f3is divinizados<\/strong>, outros (em especial as figuras femininas) seriam <strong>alegorias<\/strong> de determinados aspetos da sa\u00fade. No entanto, por uma quest\u00e3o de simplicidade, e tamb\u00e9m porque o seu culto era prevalente, usaremos os termos \u00abdeus\u00bb e \u00abdeusa\u00bb para nos referirmos a eles.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=104#esculapio\">Ascl\u00e9pio<\/a> era casado com <a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=405\"><strong>Ep\u00edone<\/strong><\/a> (deusa calmante da dor) e tinha <strong>cinco filhas<\/strong> e <strong>tr\u00eas filhos<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=336\"><strong>Panaceia<\/strong><\/a>, deusa da cura de todos os males<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=449\"><strong>H\u00edgia<\/strong><\/a> (ou <strong>Higeia<\/strong>), deusa da preserva\u00e7\u00e3o da sa\u00fade<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=428\"><strong>Iaso<\/strong><\/a>, deusa dos rem\u00e9dios e dos modos de cura<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=262\"><strong>Aceso<\/strong><\/a>, deusa do processo de cura<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=441\"><strong>\u00c9gle<\/strong><\/a>, deusa do resplendor saud\u00e1vel<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=683\"><strong>Tel\u00e9sforo<\/strong><\/a>, deus da convalescen\u00e7a ou da recupera\u00e7\u00e3o<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=955\"><strong>Maca\u00e3o<\/strong> e <strong>Podal\u00edrio<\/strong><\/a>, m\u00e9dicos lend\u00e1rios divinizados<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Devido \u00e0 origem dispersa dos mitos gregos, algumas fontes apresentam todos os oito como filhos de Ep\u00edone (como na nossa \u00e1rvore geneal\u00f3gica), enquanto outras apontam diferentes m\u00e3es para alguns deles.<\/p>\n<p>Para al\u00e9m de Ascl\u00e9pio, eram particularmente importantes as suas filhas Panaceia e H\u00edgia, cujas representa\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o relativamente comuns (sozinhas ou a acompanhar o pai).<br \/>\nO tradicional juramento m\u00e9dico, o <strong>\u00abJuramento de Hip\u00f3crates\u00bb<\/strong>, menciona os tr\u00eas:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00abEu juro, por <strong>Apolo<\/strong>, m\u00e9dico*, por <strong>Escul\u00e1pio<\/strong>, <strong>Higeia<\/strong> e <strong>Panaceia<\/strong>, e tomo por testemunhas todos os deuses e todas as deusas, cumprir, segundo o meu poder e a minha raz\u00e3o, a promessa que se segue [&#8230;]\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 70%;\">* Literalmente, \u00abcurandeiro\u00bb (o que cura).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"esculapio-telesforo\"><\/a>Tel\u00e9sforo (que \u00e9 representado como uma crian\u00e7a ou um an\u00e3o) surge tamb\u00e9m frequentemente a acompanhar o seu pai e a irm\u00e3 H\u00edgia.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><div id=\"attachment_625\" style=\"width: 291px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/disptico-romano-VdC.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-625\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-625\" src=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/disptico-romano-VdC-281x300.jpg\" alt=\"D\u00edptico romano\" width=\"281\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/disptico-romano-VdC-281x300.jpg 281w, http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/disptico-romano-VdC.jpg 668w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 281px) 100vw, 281px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-625\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Escul\u00e1pio (com Tel\u00e9sforo) e H\u00edgia <br \/>(d\u00edptico romano do s\u00e9c. V d.C.)<\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<td>\n<p><div id=\"attachment_628\" style=\"width: 266px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/higia-esculapio-telesforo.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-628\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-628\" src=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/higia-esculapio-telesforo-256x300.jpg\" alt=\"relevo romano\" width=\"256\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/higia-esculapio-telesforo-256x300.jpg 256w, http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/higia-esculapio-telesforo.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-628\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u00edgia, Escul\u00e1pio e Tel\u00e9sforo <br \/>(relevo romano)<\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><div id=\"attachment_637\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/esculapio-filhas.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-637\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-637\" src=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/esculapio-filhas-300x247.jpg\" alt=\"Ascl\u00e9pio e as filhas\" width=\"300\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/esculapio-filhas-300x247.jpg 300w, http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/esculapio-filhas.jpg 357w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-637\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ascl\u00e9pio acompanhado de Tel\u00e9sforo, Panaceia e H\u00edgia (as filhas confundem-se na sua representa\u00e7\u00e3o)<\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<td>\n<p><div id=\"attachment_640\" style=\"width: 178px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/ex-voto.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-640\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-640\" src=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/ex-voto-168x300.jpg\" alt=\"Ex-voto a Ascl\u00e9pio e H\u00edgia\" width=\"168\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/ex-voto-168x300.jpg 168w, http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/ex-voto.jpg 337w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 168px) 100vw, 168px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-640\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ex-voto do s\u00e9culo II d.C., a agradecer a cura de uma perna*<\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 70%;\">* \u00abA Escul\u00e1pio e H\u00edgia, Tykhe [dedicou isto como] reconhecimento\u00bb.<br \/>\n(Curiosamente, o afortunado que teve a perna salva chamava-se \u00abTykhe\u00bb, isto \u00e9&#8230; Sorte!)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a name=\"luna\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_616\" style=\"width: 560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/friso-filipolis.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-616\" class=\"size-full wp-image-616\" src=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/friso-filipolis.jpg\" alt=\"Friso de Fil\u00edpolis\" width=\"550\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/friso-filipolis.jpg 550w, http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/friso-filipolis-300x116.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-616\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Friso de Fil\u00edpolis (s\u00e9c. II d.C.): Ascl\u00e9pio e a fam\u00edlia. Segundo alguns autores: \u00c9gle (ou Luna), Iaso, Tel\u00e9sforo, Ascl\u00e9pio, Panaceia (ou H\u00edgia), Ep\u00edone, Podal\u00edrio e Maca\u00e3o. Segundo outros: Iaso, Panaceia, Tel\u00e9sforo, Ascl\u00e9pio, H\u00edgia, Aceso, Podal\u00edrio e Maca\u00e3o.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Em artigos futuros falaremos de cada membro da \u00abFam\u00edlia Sa\u00fade\u00bb em particular.<\/p>\n<map name=\"arvore\">\n<area title=\"Ascl\u00e9pio (Escul\u00e1pio)\" coords=\"148,9,252,80\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=104#esculapio\" alt=\"Ascl\u00e9pio (Escul\u00e1pio)\" \/>\n<area title=\"Ep\u00edone\" coords=\"350,9,454,80\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=405\" alt=\"Ep\u00edone\" \/>\n<area title=\"Panaceia\" coords=\"11,164,115,235\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=336\" alt=\"Panaceia\" \/>\n<area title=\"H\u00edgia (Higeia)\" coords=\"130,164,234,235\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=449\" alt=\"H\u00edgia (Higeia)\" \/>\n<area title=\"Iaso\" coords=\"249,164,352,235\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=428\" alt=\"Iaso\" \/>\n<area title=\"Aceso\" coords=\"368,164,472,235\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=262\" alt=\"Aceso\" \/>\n<area title=\"\u00c9gle\" coords=\"487,164,591,235\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=441\" alt=\"\u00c9gle\" \/>\n<area title=\"Tel\u00e9sforo\" coords=\"130,312,234,383\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=683\" alt=\"Tel\u00e9sforo\" \/>\n<area title=\"Podal\u00edrio\" coords=\"249,312,352,383\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=955\" alt=\"Podal\u00edrio\" \/>\n<area title=\"Maca\u00e3o\" coords=\"368,312,472,383\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=955\" alt=\"Maca\u00e3o\" \/>\n<area title=\"clique para ver esta imagem maior\" coords=\"563,5,615,57\" href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/familia-esculapio.gif\" alt=\"ver imagem maior\" \/> <\/map>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Num artigo anterior falamos do deus grego Ascl\u00e9pio (mais conhecido pela vers\u00e3o latinizada do seu nome: Escul\u00e1pio), cuja simbologia ainda representa as atividades relacionadas com a sa\u00fade. Hoje vamos apresentar o resto da sua fam\u00edlia, a verdadeira \u00abFam\u00edlia Sa\u00fade\u00bb da &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/?p=490\">Continuar a ler <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-historia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/490","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=490"}],"version-history":[{"count":165,"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/490\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":766,"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/490\/revisions\/766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/aves.edu.pt\/tas\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}